GEOGRAPHY- India

India

•     Total area: 32,87,265 sq. km

•     World's seventh largest country. (Areawise)

•     2.42% of the total world area

•     Between 6°45' to 37°18' northern latitudes and 68°7 to 97°25' eastern longitudes, extent of India

•    Peninsular Plateau part of India is a part of ancient Gondwana Land.

•    India's Islands: Andaman and Nicobar is in the Bay of Bengal and the Laccadive, Minicoy and Amindivi
are in the Arabian Sea.

•    Planet Nearest to Sun is Mercury.

•    Planet Nearest to Earth is Venus.

Hottest Planet is Uranus (Its atmosphere contains 97% CO₂)

Coldest Planet is Pluto.  

Biggest Planet is Jupiter.

Smallest planet is Pluto.

Blue Planet - Mars. 

 Morning star - Venus.  

Saturn has maximum number of satellites.

Planets revolve round the Sun in anti-clockwise di­rection.

Fastest rotating Planet is Jupiter.  

Slowest rotating Planet is Venus. 

 Largest of the terrestrial Planet is Earth.  

Sedimentary rocks form the outer layer of Himalayas. 

 Youngest fold mountain of the world - Himalayas

Lesser Himalaya: Important passes

- Banihal            - Pir Panjal 

Heights (in mts.) of major mountain peaks in India

Godwin Austin (K2) Kanchenjunga Nanga Parvat Gasher brum Broad peak Dastegil Nanda Devi

 •      Satpura range has seven bends.

•      Siwaliks range is the youngest part of Himalayas.

•      In Kumaon range of Himalayas, Uttaranchal is situ­ated.

•      Between Vindhyan and Satpura ranges, the rift val­ley of Narmada and Tapti are found.

•      Ranchi Plateau of Chhotanagpur Plateau is an ex­ample of peneplain.

•      Khasi hills of Meghalaya Plateau have its highest point.

•      Dodabetta is the highest peak of Nilgiris.

•      Thalghat, Bhorghat and Palghat are the prominent passes in Western Ghat,

•      Anaimudi in Anamalai hills is the highest peak of Peninsular India.

•      At the Nilgiris Western Ghat join Eastern Ghat.

•      Kaimur hills are located along son-valley.

•      Cardamom hills are the extreme Southern hill of In­dian mainland.

•      Balaghat hills are found between Bhima and Godavari valleys.

•      K2 in Karakoram range is the highest peak of India.

•      Most destructive of weather disturbances is Tornado.

•      The average albedo of the Earth is 35 per cent.

•      Roaring Forties, Furious Fifties and Shrieking Six­ ties are westerlies of Southern Hemisphere.

•      A wind, which blows down valleys at night, is called Katabatic wind.

•      A chart which illustrates the rate at which rainfalls is, called Hyetogram.

•      Varied colour is red and orange at sunrise and atsunset are due to scattering of light by dust particles.

•      Horse latitudes lie with in subtropical high.

•      Twisters are also called Tornadoes.

•      A local wind that is referred to as 'snow eater' is called Chinook.

•      A local wind that is also called 'Doctor' is Harmattan. ley of Narmada and Tapti are found.

• ·         Shape of Earth can be best described as Geoid.
• ·          Earth's rotational valocity at the equator is 1690 km/h. Each degree of latitude equals 11 lkm.
• ·          A person crossing International Date Line from east to west loses one day.
• ·         Prime cause behind Earthquakes is dislocation along faults.
• ·         Elements constituting Earth's crust in terms of de­creasing abundance is O (47%), Si (28%), Al (8%), Fe (5%).
• ·         Lighthouse of the Mediterranean-Mt. Stromboli. Earth's tilted axis causes seasons.
• ·         Hardest mineral is Diamond and softest mineral is Talc. 1ST is ahead to GMT by 5 'A hours.
• ·          The equatorial bulge of earth is due to centrifugal force of Earth's rotation.
• ·         The recent earthquake in Gujarat occurred due to dislocation alone Allahbund fault in Sind, Pakistan
• Tide producing forces of Sun and Moon are is the ratio of 4:9.
  • Region of maximum salinity along the Indian coast is Gulf of Kutch.
  • Sargasso Sea is in Atlantic Ocean.
  • Luni is the 'Salt River' of India.
  • Lonar in Maharashtra is the Volcanic Lake in India.
  • Spring tide occurs when Sun and Moon either in conjunction or opposition.
  •  
    • Highest tides recorded in India at Okhla (Gujarat). It takes 24 hours and 50 minutes for the rotating
    • Earth to bring the same meridian vertically below the Moon everyday.   Hence tides occur at regular intervals of 12 hours and 25 minutes. Generally, tides occur twice a day.
    •  But Southampton, along the Southern Coast of England, experiences tides 4 times a day.
    • Salts in Sea Water in descending order of abundance is Nacl, K₂SO₄, MgSO₄, MgCl_r
    • North Atlantic Route is busiest Ocean route in the world.
    • Narmada river has the nine-meter high Dhuandhar waterfalls.
   
  
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